The Munda tribe, primarily residing in Jharkhand and surrounding regions, is an Austroasiatic ethnic group known for its distinct folk art, culture and language. Their traditional art, including vibrant folk songs and dances, reflects a deep connection to their environment and way of life. The tribe’s name “Munda” is derived from Sanskrit, meaning “headman,” indicating an honorific label rather than a native term.
The Mundas live in remote, forested areas, relying on agriculture, fishing, hunting and animal husbandry for their livelihood. Their spiritual practices center around Singbonga, the supreme deity of wisdom and agriculture and their festivals like Sarhul celebrate the harvest and nature’s bounty with communal festivities.
Munda folk art serves as a mode of cultural communication, bridging gaps and reinforcing community bonds. Their songs and dances celebrate unity, resilience and the acceptance of life’s cyclical nature. The Munda community emphasizes collective strength and the joy found in music and dance, using these cultural practices to cope with adversity and express their unique worldview. Through their art, they articulate their struggles, joy and philosophy, highlighting their adaptability and enduring spirit amidst external pressures.
Dr. Shubham Kumar (Assistant Professor, Amity University, Noida, U.P.)
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